Mu rwego rwa metallurgie, chimie, na siyanse yubumenyi, guhitamo iburyoingirakamaroibikoresho ni ingenzi mu kumenya intsinzi yuburyo butandukanye, uhereye ku cyuma cyo hejuru cy'ubushyuhe buvanze kugeza kuri synthesis ya ceramics nikirahure. Hano haribikoresho byinshi byingenzi biboneka, buri kimwe hamwe nimiterere yihariye yumutungo ninyungu. Reka dusuzume ibikoresho byiza kubambwa muburyo burambuye:
Quartz Crucibles
Ibibumbano bya Quartz, akenshi bikozwe muri silika isukuye cyane, bizwiho imico idasanzwe. Babaye indashyikirwa mu kurwanya ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, guhangana n'ingaruka zibora za acide na base, no kubungabunga umutekano mu bihe by'ubushyuhe bukabije. Izi ngamba zisanga umwanya wazo mu gushonga ibyuma byera cyane nka silikoni, aluminium, nicyuma. Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, ubushobozi bwabo bwo hejuru bwumuriro butezimbere gushonga. Nyamara, ubwiza buhebuje bwa quartz buza ku giciro cyo hejuru.
Ceramic Crucibles
Ibibumbano bya Ceramic bikubiyemo ibyiciro bibiri by'ingenzi: ceramics ya aluminium oxyde na ceramics ya zirconium. Izi mbuto zitanga ubushyuhe bwiza kandi butajegajega, bigatuma bahitamo uburyo bwo gushonga ibintu byinshi, birimo ibyuma, ibirahure, ububumbyi, nibindi byinshi. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, ubushyuhe bwabyo buri munsi ugereranije nubw'imisaraba ya quartz, ituma bikenerwa cyane nibikoresho bifite aho bishonga biri munsi ya 1700 ° C.
Graphite Crucibles
Graphite crucibles ni inzu yakazi yubushyuhe bwo hejuru, ibidukikije byumuvuduko mwinshi, akenshi bikora nkibikoresho byingenzi mubushakashatsi bwibyuma na chimique. Izi mbuto ziraboneka muburyo bubiri bwibanze: grafite karemano na grafitike. Kamere ya grafite isanzwe irata hejuru yubushyuhe bwumuriro hamwe no kurwanya ruswa, nibyiza kubushyuhe butandukanye bwo hejuru. Kurundi ruhande, ibishushanyo mbonera bya grafitike birahenze ariko birashobora kugabanya gato gutuza no kurwanya ruswa.
Umusaraba w'icyuma
Kubambika ibyuma byubatswe mubikoresho nkibyuma bitagira umwanda, molybdenum, platine, nibindi byinshi. Nibo bahitamo mugihe bakorana nibikoresho bifite ingingo zidasanzwe zo gushonga cyangwa mugihe bahuye nibibazo bya acide cyangwa alkaline. Kubambika ibyuma byerekana imbaraga zikomeye zo kwangirika kandi bigakomeza guhagarara neza. Nubwo bimeze bityo, imikoreshereze yabo ijyanye nigiciro kinini ugereranije nibindi bikoresho byingenzi.
Summary
Tahitamo ibikoresho byingenzi bigomba gutwarwa nibintu byihariye bitunganywa hamwe nuburyo bwo gushonga bwiganje. Buri bwoko bwibyingenzi butanga ibyiza byihariye nimbogamizi, kandi guhitamo igikwiye ningirakamaro kugirango tugere ku bisubizo byiza kandi byiza cyane mubijyanye na metallurgie, chimie, na siyanse yibikoresho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-24-2023