Ibisubizo birambye byinganda zinganda na Graphite Inganda zikomeye: Kongera gutunganya imyanda no gukoresha umusaraba ushaje

Inganda z’ibirahure zi Burayi zikoresha toni zirenga 100.000 buri mwaka ku ziko zifite ubuzima bwimyaka 5-8, bikavamo toni ibihumbi n’ibikoresho byo kwangiza imyanda biva mu itanura. Ibyinshi muri ibyo bikoresho byoherezwa mu bigo bya tekinike (CET) cyangwa ahabikwa ububiko.

Mu rwego rwo kugabanya umubare w’ibikoresho byajugunywe byajugunywe mu myanda, VGG ifatanya n’amasosiyete asenya ibirahuri n’itanura mu gushyiraho ibipimo byakira imyanda no guteza imbere ibicuruzwa bishya bikozwe mu bikoresho bitunganijwe neza. Kugeza ubu, 30-35% by'amatafari ya silika yashenywe avuye mu itanura arashobora kongera gukoreshwa mu gukora ubundi bwoko bubiri bw'amatafari, harimosilikaamatafari ya wedge akoreshwa mubidendezi bikora cyangwa ubushyuhe bwo kubika ibyumba byo hejuru, hamwe nubushyuhe bworoshyesilikaamatafari.

Hariho uruganda rw’i Burayi ruzobereye mu gutunganya neza ibikoresho bivunagura imyanda iva mu birahure, ibyuma, gutwika, n’inganda z’imiti, igera ku kigero cya 90%. Isosiyete ikora ibirahure yongeye gukoresha igice cyiza cyurukuta rwa pisine ikata muri rusange nyuma yo gushonga itanura, ikuraho ikirahuri gifatanye hejuru yamatafari ya ZAS yakoreshejwe, kandi bituma amatafari yameneka azimya. Ibice byavunitse noneho byarashizwe hasi hanyuma birayungurura kugirango ibone amabuye nifu nziza yubunini butandukanye, byahise bikoreshwa mugukora ibikoresho bidahenze cyane byo guta ibikoresho hamwe nibikoresho byuma.

Iterambere rirambye ririmo gushyirwa mubikorwa mubice bitandukanye nkuburyo bwo gushyira imbere iterambere ryigihe kirekire ryiterambere ryubukungu ryita kubikenewe nubushobozi bwibisekuruza byubu ndetse nigihe kizaza, bigashyiraho urufatiro rwo kubaka ibidukikije. Inganda zikomeye za grafite zishakisha kandi zigakora iterambere rirambye mumyaka myinshi. Nyuma yinzira ndende kandi igoye, amaherezo inganda zatangiye kubona ibyerekezo byiterambere rirambye. Ibigo bimwe byingenzi bya grafite byatangiye gushyira mubikorwa "amashyamba ya karubone", mugihe ibindi bishakisha ibikoresho bishya bibyara umusaruro hamwe nubuhanga bushya bwo gutunganya kugirango busimbuze umusaraba wa grafite.

Ibigo bimwe ndetse bishora imari cyane mubutaka bwamashyamba yo hanze kugirango bigabanye gushingira kumashyamba yubushinwa. Uyu munsi, twatunguwe no kubona icyerekezo gishya cyiterambere cyinganda za grafite zikomeye binyuze muburyo bwo kugura no gukoresha umusaraba wa kera wa grafite. Muri ubu bukangurambaga butangaje bwa karuboni y’ibidukikije, inganda zikomeye za grafite zagaruye akamaro gakomeye n’agaciro kigenga.

Twizera tudashidikanya ko iyi izaba inzira nshya yazamuwe mu iterambere rirambye ku nganda zikomeye za grafite mu Bushinwa kandi ko zimaze kwinjira mu cyiciro gishya cy'iterambere. Inganda zikomeye za grafite zishingiye cyane ku mutungo w’amashyamba, kandi uko ayo mikoreshereze agenda aba make, igiciro cyibikoresho fatizo bikoreshwa mu musaraba wa grafite biriyongera.

Nigute wagabanya ikiguzi cyumusaruro wa grafite utabangamiye ubuziranenge bwahoze ari umutwe kubakora. Nkuko umutungo kamere uboneka mu nganda ugenda ugabanuka, kugirango ubuzima bwiza burusheho kuba bwiza, umuntu wese ufata inzira igezweho yiterambere ryubukungu bwicyatsi kibisi, ikoranabuhanga rya karuboni nkeya, hamwe n’urwego rwo kubungabunga ibidukikije bya karuboni nkeya azaba afite umwanya w’ibanze muri amarushanwa ku isoko mu kinyejana cya 21. Biragoye kugabanya ibyuka byangiza imyuka ya karubone mugihe cyose cyo gukora ibicuruzwa bya grafite.